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Journey into the Depths of Rome | Discover the Rich History of St. Callixtus Catacombs

Catacombs of Callixtus

What are the Catacombs of Callixtus?

The Catacomb of Callixtus in Rome is an extensive underground burial site dating back to the 2nd to 4th century AD. Named after Pope Callixtus I, it contains tunnels, chambers, and crypts where early Christians, including popes and martyrs, were buried. The catacombs showcase ancient Christian burial practices and feature frescoes and inscriptions. Today, it is a sacred site and a popular destination for pilgrims, providing a glimpse into the early history of Christianity.

Quick Facts about Catacombs of Callixtus

Official Name: Catacombs of Callixtus
Address: Via Appia Antica, 110/126, 00179 Roma RM, Italy
Date of opening: Mid-2nd Century AD
Timings: 9 AMto 5 PM (Closed on Wednesdays)
UNESCO World Heritage Site: Declared in 1980
Function: Burial place for early Christians, now a historical site and popular tourist attraction.

Why Visit the Catacombs of St. Callixtus in Rome?

Historical significance: Dating back to the early 3rd century AD, these catacombs hold immense historical and religious significance as one of the resting places of early Christians, including numerous popes and martyrs.
Unique underground journey: Discover an intricate network of tunnels, galleries, and chambers spread across multiple levels, as you traverse through the city’s underground.
Remarkable architecture: Marvel at the grandiose underground architecture, with beautifully decorated crypts, frescoes, and intricate carvings that showcase the artistry and devotion of the time.
Spiritual heritage: Gain insight into the early Christian practices and rituals.
Intricate carvings and frescoes: Admire ancient frescoes that adorn the walls and detailed carvings that decorate the catacombs, including the fascinating symbols and rituals depicted in the Cubicula of the Sacraments.

Plan Your Visit to the Catacombs of St. Callixtus

St. Callixtus Opening Hours

Timings: Thursday to Tuesday, 9 AM to 12 noon, 2 PM to 5 PM

Closed: Wednesdays, 1 January, Easter, 25 December

Best time to visit: The best time to visit is during the early morning hours when it is less crowded.

Detailed Timings of Catacombs of Callixtus

Catacombs of St. Callixtus Location

Address: Via Appia Antica, 110/126, 00179 Rome, Italy.

The Catacombs of Saint Callixtus are located on the right of Appian Way and after the Church of Domine Quo Vadis.

Getting to Catacombs of Callixtus

Highlights of the Catacombs of St. Callixtus

Cubicules of the Sacraments

A series of five small chambers located within the Catacombs of St. Callixtus, they are often referred to as family tombs and hold significant importance due to their well-preserved frescoes. Dating back to the beginning of the 3rd century, the frescoes depict the sacraments of Baptism and the Eucharist. Additionally, the frescoes feature the depiction of the prophet Jonah, serving as a symbol of resurrection.

Crypt of the Popes

Often referred to as "the little Vatican," this crypt is the official burial site for nine popes and potentially eight influential figures from Rome's 3rd century Church. Original Greek inscriptions on the walls display the names of five popes, including Pontianus, Antherus, Fabian, Lucius, and Eutichian. Four tombstones bear the title of "bishop," representing the Pope's role as head of the Church. Pope Sixtus II, a martyr persecuted by Emperor Valerian, rests on the front wall.

The Crypt of St. Cecilia

The burial place of St. Cecilia, the patron saint of music who was martyred in the 3rd century, the crypt was a place of veneration for St. Cecilia for over five centuries until her relics were transferred to a basilica dedicated to her in 821. The crypt houses a replica of Stefano Maderno's renowned 1599 sculpture. Adorned with mosaics and paintings dating back to the early 9th century, the Crypt of St. Cecilia captivates with an ancient depiction of St. Cecilia in prayer.

The Area of Pope Melziades

The area, known as Pope Melziades, was excavated in the late 3rd century and is filled with cubicles and arcosolia. A passage connects the Crypt of the Popes to the Crypts of Lucina. Visitors can explore a gallery adorned with symbols, tombstones of Julian the Priest and Priest in Peace, a tombstone depicting a phoenix, and an arcosolium featuring the small tombstone of Irene. Nearby, the crypt of refrigerium served for prayer gatherings and annual commemorations of the dead, while the Cubicle of the four seasons symbolizes the continuity of life.

The Crypt of St. Gaius and St. Eusebius

The Crypt of St. Gaius, dating back to the end of the 3rd century, served as a gathering place for community assemblies. On the other hand, the Crypt of St. Eusebius, from the beginning of the 4th century, is the final resting place of Pope Eusebius. Pope St. Damasus honored him by placing an inscription in front of his tomb, commemorating the pope's and the Church's compassion towards the "lapsi," individuals who had renounced their Christian faith.

The Crypt of Lucina

One of the most ancient parts of the catacombs, dating back to the 2nd century, the Crypt of Lucina, is the burial site of Pope Cornelius. Pope Cornelius, recognized as a martyr, has a tomb with an original inscription and splendid paintings depicting figures in Byzantine style. The crypt also contains ancient burials with Roman frescoes, including images of the Good Shepherd, orantes, and a symbol of the Eucharist represented by two fish and a basket of loaves. It offers a glimpse into the rich history and religious significance of the catacombs.

The Western Area & Liberian Area:

Featuring impressive underground architecture, the West Region was built in the first half of the 4th century and houses crypts and tombs. Similarly, the Liberian Region, constructed in the second half of the 4th century, showcases its own magnificent underground structures It is named after Pope Liberius, who may have been buried in this area.

History of the Catacombs of Callixtus

The Catacombs of Saint Callixtus were founded in the middle of the 2nd century. These underground burial chambers became the final resting place for countless early Christians, at a time when they were greatly persecuted by the Romans.

Although probably started from family tombs, the burial grounds were open to every one of the Christian faith and expanded over time. meticulously constructed under the supervision of Pope Callixtus I, then a deacon of Rome, under the direction of Pope Zephyrinus, enlarging pre-existing early Christian hypogea.

History of the Roman Catacombs

The Catacomb of Callixtus Today

Recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1980, this remarkable underground complex offers a glimpse into the rich tapestry of Rome's past.

As one of the largest and most important catacombs in Rome, it serves as a remarkable testament to early Christian burial practices and the preservation of sacred relics. This ancient funerary complex, with its extensive network of tunnels and chambers, offers visitors a unique opportunity to explore the underground world of ancient Rome and gain insights into the early days of Christianity.

Frequently Asked Questions About the Catacomb of Callixtus

What are the Catacomb of Callixtus?

A. The Catacombs of Callixtus in Rome are an extensive underground burial complex that dates back to the 2nd to 4th century AD. Named after Pope Callixtus I, they are a network of tunnels, chambers, and crypts where early Christians, including popes and martyrs, were laid to rest.

What is the significance of the Catacombs of Callixtus?

A: The Catacombs of Callixtus holds immense historical and religious significance as one of the primary burial sites of early Christians, including popes and martyrs. They offer a glimpse into the ancient Christian burial practices, as well as the art and architecture practices of the time. Today, they are recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and popular tourist attraction.

Where can I buy tickets for the Catacombs of Callixtus?

A: Tickets for the Catacombs of Callixtus can be purchased on-site at the ticket office or online. It is recommended to book in advance, especially during peak seasons, to ensure entry.

Can I visit the Catacombs of Callixtus with tickets to other attractions?

A: The Catacombs of Callixtus require a separate ticket for entry. However, some combined ticket options may be available that include access to multiple attractions in Rome. You can browse through our carefully curated collection of experiences and choose the ticket best suited for you.

Who oversaw the construction of the Catacombs of Callixtus?

A. The Catacombs of Callixtus were constructed under the supervision of Pope Callixtus I, who was a deacon of Rome at the time.

How long does it take to explore the catacombs?

A: There is generally no age restriction for visiting the catacombs. However, it is important to note that the underground passages can be narrow and dimly lit, which may not be suitable for very young children or individuals with mobility issues. It is advisable to assess your personal comfort and safety before planning a visit.

When were the Catacombs of Callixtus built?

The Catacombs of Callixtus were built during the mid-2nd century AD. Over time, they expanded and developed into an extensive underground burial complex.

Where exactly are the Catacombs of Callixtus located?

The Catacombs of Callixtus are located at Via Appia Antica, 110/126, 00179 Rome, Italy. They are situated on the right side of the Appian Way, not far from the Church of Domine Quo Vadis.

What are the opening hours of the Catacombs of Callixtus?

A: The opening hours of the Catacombs of Callixtus are from Thursday to Tuesday, 9 AM to 12 noon, and 2 PM to 5 PM. However, please note that the catacombs are closed on Wednesdays, as well as on specific holidays such as New Year's Day, Easter, and Christmas.