Best time to visit | Plan around crowds, prices & weather | Spring (March–May) and fall (September–October) offer mild weather and manageable crowds, while summer is hot and busy, and winter is quieter with lower prices. |
Visa requirements | Avoid travel disruptions | Most EU/EEA citizens enter visa-free. Travelers from the US, UK, Canada, and Australia can stay up to 90 days in a 180-day period. Some nationalities need a Schengen visa. ETIAS starts in 2026. |
Health insurance | Ensure entry compliance & emergency coverage | Italy requires proof of health insurance for Schengen visa holders. EU travelers can use EHIC/GHIC cards; others should have travel insurance covering medical emergencies, COVID-19, and theft. |
Local time & time zone | Plan tours, bookings, or remote work | CET (UTC+1); daylight saving time from late March to late October (CEST, UTC+2). |
Currency | Helps with budgeting | Euro (€). Cards widely accepted, but carry some cash for small purchases and markets. |
Budget | Helps with budgeting | €50–80/day (budget), €150–250/day (mid-range), €400+/day (luxury). Prices rise in peak season and central neighborhoods. |
Plugs & power outlets | Charging devices | Type F and L plugs, 230V, 50Hz. Bring an adapter and voltage converter if needed. |
Local SIM & data | Stay connected on the go | TIM, Vodafone, WindTre, and Iliad offer prepaid SIMs at airports and kiosks; eSIMs available. Registration with passport required. |
Tipping culture | Avoid awkwardness or overpaying | Tipping is not obligatory; round up or leave €1–2 for good service. Restaurants may charge a coperto (cover charge). |
Languages spoken | Improves interactions with locals | Italian is official; English widely spoken in tourist areas. Romanesco dialect is common locally. |
Water safety | Impacts packing and daily costs | Tap water is safe to drink; refill bottles at public fountains (nasoni) throughout the city. |
Public toilets | High-friction point for many travelers | Public toilets are scarce and often paid (€0.50–1). Cafés may require a purchase for restroom use. Carry coins. |
Emergency numbers | Essential for safety | 112 (all emergencies), 113 (police), 115 (fire), 118 (ambulance). Tourist info: 060608. |