Catacombs of Virgin & Martyr Saint Agnes

The sacred legacy of Saint Agnes

Catacomb of Saint Agnes, or Catacombe di Sant'Agnese in Italian, is a subterranean necropolis in Rome, named after Saint Agnes, a virgin and martyr. This ancient labyrinth of tombs, embedded within the monumental complex of Sant'Agnese fuori le mura, is a testament to Rome's early Christian history. The catacomb itself spans three levels, divided into four regions, each carrying its unique narrative of the past. This historic place is devoid of any significant paintings, but the epigraphic testimonies make it an intriguing landmark for history enthusiasts.

Catacombs of Saint Agnes | Quick facts

Historical significance: Named after the 3rd-century martyr Saint Agnes, these catacombs are a vital testament to early Christian burial practices.
Time period: Originating in the late 2nd to early 3rd century AD, expanded during Pope Liberius’s reign (352-366 AD).
Art & architecture: Features include frescoes, inscriptions, and Saint Agnes's tomb, with chambers carved into volcanic rock.
Current use: Open for guided tours, showcasing its historical and religious importance.
Accessibility: Not wheelchair accessible; narrow passages and steep stairs.
Key features: Highlights include Saint Agnes's tomb, biblical frescoes, and relics within an adjoining ancient basilica.

What are Catacombs of Saint Agnes' opening hours?

Timings: Tuesday, Thursday, Friday, and Saturday, from 9am to 12pm and from 3pm to 6pm.
Closed: The Catacombs are closed on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Sundays.
Best time to visit: Visit during the months of October to April, as it is less crowded compared to the summer months. On the day of your visit, head to the Catacombs of Saint Agnes in the morning or late afternoon to avoid crowds and long lines.

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Where are Catacombs of Saint Agnes located?

Address: Via Nomentana, 349, 00162 Rome, Italy.

The Catacombs of Saint Agnes is situated about two miles along the Via Nomentana, which is an ancient road in the city. The catacombs form part of a larger monumental complex known as Sant'Agnese fuori le mura, or Saint Agnes Outside the Walls. This area is located in the Quartiere Trieste, a district in the northern part of Rome.

By bus: Take bus line 92 or 310. Both lines stop near the Catacombs. Check local schedules for the most convenient routes.
By metro: Use Metro Line B1 (blue line) and get off at the S. Agnese / Annibaliano station. From there, it is about a 15-minute walk to the catacombs.

Getting to Roman Catacombs

What to see inside Catacombs of Saint Agnes?

The catacomb is situated on three levels and is divided into four distinct regions, each carrying unique historical and architectural features.

Region I

This is the oldest part of the catacomb, dating back to the 3rd century. It is located under Via di Sant’Agnese and was part of the pre-Constantinian epoch. Despite the absence of significant paintings, this area is rich with epigraphic evidence that provides valuable insight into the burial customs and practices of early Christians.

Region II

This area started developing in the 4th century, however, it suffered significant damage due to relic hunters. The effects of these unlawful activities are evident in the region's altered topography and the loss of potential historical artifacts.

Region III

This is the largest region in the entire hypogeum complex, dating back to the 4th century. It mainly extends under the monastery associated with the basilica and Via Nomentana. Notably, this region was once connected to the nearby Coemeterium Maius. The region was found relatively intact by Armellini, the first to excavate it, due to a layer of silt that preserved it from the diggers. Today, many artifacts discovered in this region are displayed in the Vatican Museums.

Region IV

Region IV lies between the current basilica and the ruins of Constantine's basilica. This region developed after Emperor Constantine built his basilica, leading to the destruction of the pagan necropolis above the catacomb. Interestingly, many plates with inscriptions from the pagan cemetery were used to build the steps accessing the fourth region, thereby preserving them to this day. This region holds the oldest dated inscription in the entire catacomb - an epitaph from 314 AD dedicated to a man named Sisinnius.

Timeline of the Catacombs of Saint Agnes

Late 3rd Century: Area used as a hypogeum cemetery, likely owned by Saint Agnes's family.
4th Century: Burial nucleus enlarged with three new regions; Emperor Constantine builds a basilica and the mausoleum of Santa Costanza, destroying a 2nd-century pagan necropolis.
352–366: Pope Liberius constructs a memorial in Saint Agnes's honor.
498–514: Pope Symmachus transforms the memorial into a small basilica.
7th Century: Pope Honorius I replaces the small basilica with a larger one, causing damage to the original cemetery.
16th Century: Rediscovered by Onofrio Panvinio, a Dominican friar.
17th Century: Studied by Antonio Bosio in "Subterranean Rome."
18th Century: Significant damage caused by relic hunters, particularly in the second region.
19th–20th Century: Excavations by Mariano Armellini and Augusto Bacci help preserve and document the catacomb.
1970s: In-depth study of the fourth region by Umberto Maria Fasola reveals critical insights into its history.

Complete history of the Roman Catacombs explained

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Frequently asked questions about the Catacombs of Saint Agnes

How do I access the catacombs?

You can access the Catacombs of Saint Agnes through guided tours, which typically last about 30 minutes. Book tickets in advance, especially for larger groups, as only a limited number of visitors are allowed per tour.

Who was Saint Agnes, and why was she buried here?

Saint Agnes was a Christian martyr from the 3rd century, buried here as the catacomb was owned by her family.

When was the Catacombs of Saint Agnes built?

The Catacombs of Saint Agnes date back to the 3rd century AD.

What is the historical significance of these Catacombs of Saint Agnes?

The catacombs represent early Christian burial practices, and they contain historical artifacts from the 3rd to 5th centuries.

What should I wear when visiting the catacombs?

Comfortable shoes are recommended due to uneven terrain and narrow passages. Additionally, modest clothing is encouraged, as this is a sacred site.

Are the catacombs accessible for individuals with mobility issues?

Unfortunately, the Catacombs of Saint Agnes are not wheelchair accessible due to narrow corridors and steep stairs.